A person who has constipation experiences difficult or infrequent bowel movements and the passage of small amounts of hard, dry stool. Symptoms of constipation can also include feeling bloated, uncomfortable, and sluggish.
Almost everyone experiences constipation at one time or another. For the most part, constipation is temporary and is not serious. However, there are several potential complications of constipation. Some of these complications include hemorrhoids, which are swollen and inflamed veins around the anus; anal fissures, which are tears in the skin around the anus; rectal prolapse, in which a small amount of intestinal lining pushes out from the anal opening; and fecal impaction, which occurs when the normal pushing action of the colon is not enough to expel the stool from the rectum.
A few of the things that you can do to help relieve constipation include increasing fiber in your diet, drinking plenty of fluids, adding bran to your food, and making certain lifestyle changes (such as getting daily exercise).
An Introduction to Constipation
Constipation is the passage of small amounts of hard, dry bowel movements, usually fewer than three times a week. People who are constipated may find it difficult and painful to have a bowel movement. Other symptoms include feeling bloated, uncomfortable, and sluggish. In most cases, constipation is temporary and not serious.
Many people think they are constipated when, in fact, their bowel movements are regular. For example, some people believe they are constipated, or irregular, if they do not have a bowel movement every day. However, there is no right number of daily or weekly bowel movements. Three bowel movements a day might be normal for one person, while three a week may be normal for another. Also, some people naturally have firmer stools than others.
What Causes Constipation?
At one time or another, almost everyone gets constipated. Poor diet and a lack of exercise are the most common causes of constipation. Understanding the different causes, preventive measures, and available treatment options will help most people find relief.
Statistics Regarding Constipation
According to the 1996 National Health Interview Survey, about 3 million people in the United States have frequent constipation. Those who report having constipation most often are women and adults age 65 and over. Pregnant women may have constipation, and it is a common problem following childbirth or surgery.
It is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints in the United States, resulting in about 2 million doctor visits annually. However, most people treat themselves without seeking medical help, as is evident from the millions of dollars Americans spend on laxatives each year.
Key Points About Constipation
Key information about constipation includes the following:
1. It affects almost everyone at one time or another.
2. Many people think they are constipated when, in fact, their bowel movements are regular.
3. The most common causes of constipation are poor diet and lack of exercise.
4. Additional causes of constipation include medications, irritable bowel syndrome, abuse of laxatives, and specific diseases.
5. A medical history and physical examination may be the only diagnostic tests needed before the doctor suggests treatment.
6. In most cases, following these simple tips will help relieve symptoms and prevent recurrence of constipation:
a. Eat a well-balanced, high-fiber diet that includes beans, bran, whole grains, fresh fruits, and vegetables
b. Drink plenty of liquids
c. Exercise regularly
d. Set aside time after breakfast or dinner for undisturbed visits to the toilet
e. Do not ignore the urge to have a bowel movement
f. Understand that normal bowel habits vary
g. Whenever a significant or prolonged change in bowel habits occurs, check with a doctor.
7. Most people with mild constipation do not need laxatives. However, doctors may recommend laxatives for a limited time for people with chronic constipation.